做高中英语阅读理解有什么技巧吗?怎样提高正确率?

今天青橄榄小编整理了做高中英语阅读理解有什么技巧吗?怎样提高正确率?相关信息，希望在这方面能够更好帮助到大家。

本文目录一览：

• 1、做高中英语阅读理解有什么技巧吗?怎样提高正确率?
• 2、高考英语阅读理解巩固试题
• 3、2022年高考英语全国乙卷 - 阅读理解C

做高中英语阅读理解有什么技巧吗?怎样提高正确率?

一、常见题型分析 　　(一)主旨大意题　　主旨大意题在阅读理解试题中所占比例及难度都相当大。主旨大意是作者在文章中要表达的主要内容，是全文的核心，作者在文章中努力通过各种细节信息来阐明中心话题。因此，把握主旨大意对于正确理解全文具有重要意义。要找出主旨大意，应采用快速阅读法浏览全文，阅读时要注意抓住表达中心思想的句子。文章不同，中心句在文章中的位置也就不同，但一般情况下阅读时应特别留意文章的开头、结尾及各个段落的首句和尾句，因为它们往往包含文章的中心议题。更多精彩尽在《试题调研》第9辑《考前抢分必备》　　常见的命题方式：　　What is the main idea of this passage?　　What dose this passage mainly concern?　　The main theme of this passage is_____________　　The main point of the passage is___________　　Which of the following is the best title for the passage?　　The title that best expresses the theme of the passage is______　　The purpose of the writer writing this passage is_____　　Which of the following best describes the passage as a whole?　　文章主题常常可以通过文章的写作方法来体现，有以下几种情况：　　1。题句位于句首。主题句出现在文首，开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、支撑主题句所表达的主题思想。这是英语中最常见的演绎写作法。2。主题句位于段末。主题句出现在文章结尾是作者采用了先摆事实，后作结论的手法。这种段落称作归纳型段落。这是英语中最常见的归纳写作法。3. 主题句首尾呼应。为突出主题，作者先提出主题，结尾时再次点出主题，这种首尾呼应的写作方法也较为多见。通常，前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复，后面的表述往往有进一步的引申或发展的意味。4。主题句位于段落的中间。主题句出现在文章的中间，通常前面只提出问题，文章的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后又作进一步的解释、说明或发展。5。主题句隐含在段意之中。全文没有明确的主题句。其中心思想包含在各个句子中，在这种情况下，读者要把所有已知的细节综合起来，进行逻辑推理，概括归纳出主题句。　　【典例1】 The global energy crisis is approaching. What can we do? Here are some steps you can take。　　Cooling puts the greatest stress on your summer energy bill and the power grid(电网). Just as a tune-up for your car can improve your gas mileage, a yearly tune-up of your heating and cooling system can improve efficiency and comfort. Clean or replaces filters monthly or as needed。　　……　　Drive the car that gets better gas mileage whenever possible if you own more than one vehicle. If you drive 12,500 miles a year, switching 10 percent of your trips from a car that gets 20 miles per gallon to one that gets 30 mpg will save you more than ￡65 per year。　　Carpool. The average U.S. commuter(乘车上班族) could save about ￡260 a year by sharing cars twice a week with two people in a car that gets 20.1 mpg—assuming the three passengers share the cost of gas. (2008·安徽卷)　　This passage is mainly about ________。　　A. energy-saving tips B. fuel-saving tips 　　C. do-it-yourself tips D. environment-protecting tips　　【解析】 本文主要介绍了如何节约能源。本文是一篇科普文章，主题很明显，文章一开始就点明了主题，接下来整篇文章都是围绕如何save energy展开，而save fuel仅仅只是其中的一部分。故选A。针对主旨大意类题目，应采用快速阅读法(Skimming)浏览全文。在阅读时，应特别注意文章的开头、结尾及段落的段首句和段尾句，因为他们往往名包含文章的中心议题。　　【目的是为了吸引读者的注意力，唤起读者对文章阅读的兴趣。所以在标题选择的过程中，在满足概括性和针对性的条件下，还要考虑标题的醒目性。　　(二)推理判断题　　推理判断题是指在理解原文字面意义的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，作出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的深层意义及隐含意义的过程。推理判断题在阅读中属于难度较高的题型，通常占总题数的15%－30%。它主要考查考生理清上下文逻辑关系的能力以及考生的识别能力。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可能是某几句话，要求考生在遵循原文意义的基础上，对文章字面信息进行分析、挖掘、逻辑推理，揭示其深层含义。常出现的推理题有逻辑推理，知识推理等。这类考题中常出现的词有：infer, imply, suggest, indicate, conclude, learn from, probably, most likely, can, could, might, may等。　　常见的命题方式：　　From paragraph one we can infer that_________　　What can be inferred from the passage?　　We can infer from the text that…?　　What can we learn from…?　　We can conclude from the passage that_______　　The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that______　　The author implies that_______　　This passage would most likely be found in______　　The author’s attitude toward…is_________?　　推理判断题要在阅读理解整体语篇的基础上，掌握文章的真正内涵。(1)要吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，这是推理的前提和基础；(2)要对文字的表面信息进行挖掘加工，由表入里，由浅入深，从具体到抽象，从特殊到一般，通过分析、综合、判断等，进行深层处理，符合逻辑地推理。不能就事论事，断章取义，以偏概全；(3)要忠实于原文，不能主观臆想，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点；(4)要把握句、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构。要体会文章的基调，揣摩作者的态度，摸准逻辑发展的方向，悟出作者的弦外之音。　　【典例1】 Michael Fish may soon be replaced as a weather forecaster by something truly fishier—the shark(鲨鱼)。　　Research by a British biology student suggests that sharks could be used to predict storms。　　Lauren Smith, 24, is close to completing her study on shark’s ability to sense pressure。　　If her studies prove the theory, scientists may be able to monitor the behaviour of sharks to predict bad weather。　　…　　It has been discovered that a shark senses pressure using hair cells in its balance system。　　At the Bimini Shark Lab in the Bahamas, Miss Smith fixed hi-tech sensors to sharks to record pressure and temperature, while also tracking them using GPS (Global Positioning System) technology。　　In Aberdeen, she was able to study the effects of tidal(潮汐的) and temperature changes on dogfish—none of which were harmed. She also used a special lab which can mimic(模拟) oceanic pressure changes caused by weather fronts。　　She is due to complete her study and graduate later this year. She says she will be looking for a job which will give her the chance to enrich her experience of shark research. (2008·天津卷)　　44. The passage is most probably taken from _____。　　A. a short-story collection　　B. a popular science magazine　　C. a research paper　　D. a personal diary　　45. What do we learn from the first four paragraph of the passage?　　A. Sharks may be used to predict bad weather。　　B. Sharks’ behaviour can be controlled。　　C. Michael Fish is not qualified for his job。　　D. Lauren Smith will become a weather forecaster。　　如：Mary is due to leave at two o’clock。　　【解析】 本文为科普类文章，介绍了一位英国生物系学生对于鲨鱼来预测暴风雨的研究。　　44. B 推理判断题。本题适宜用排除法。由文章内容来看这是一篇科普文，A、D可删除，由文章的语言来看，并未出现大量的专业术语，可删除C “a research paper”(科研论文)　　45. A 推理判断题。由第一段和第四段可知，前四段所要表达的含义为If her studies prove the theory, scientists may be able to monitor the behavior of Sharks to predict bad weather。(科学家们可以通过监视鲨鱼的行为来预测不好的天气”。故A 项正确。细节推断题要求学生根据语篇关系，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。解答此类题，不仅需要我们有一定的社会基础知识，而且还需要对细节以及有关背景知识有一个充分的理解。　　【典例2】 It had been some time since Jack had seen the old man. College, carrier, and life itself got in the way. In fact, Jack moved clear across the country in pursuit of the dreams. There, in the rush of his busy life, Jack had little time to think about the past and often no time to spend with his wife and son. He was working on his future, and nothing could stop him。　　Over the phone, his mother told him, “Mr. Belser died last night. The funeral is Wednesday。” Memories fleshed through his mind like an old newsreel as he sat quietly remembering his childhood days。　　…　　Inside he found these words carved: “Jack. Thanks for your time! Harold Belser。”　　“Oh. My God! This is the thing he valued most …”　　Jack held the watch for a few minutes, then called his assistant and cleared his appointments for the next two days. “Why?” his assistant asked。　　“I need some time to spend with my son,” he said. (2008·江苏卷)　　69. Why did Jack say he needed some time to spend with his son?　　A. He was very tired of his work and wanted to have a good rest。　　B. He had promised to spare more time to stay with his son。　　C. He had missed his son and his family for days。　　D. He came to realize the importance of the time with his family。　　【解析】 本文属于记叙文，文章由邻居之死而引出一个不容忽视的社会主题：友情、亲情才是最重要的。69. D推理判断题，由文中可知Belser的遗言对Jack触动很大，同时也使他开始领悟到：只有亲人、朋友才是生活中最重要的。因果推断题要求考生根据已知结果推测导致该结果产生的可能原因，考生要准确掌握文章的内涵，理解文章的真正含义。回答推理判断题的试题时，考生一定要牢记，能够直接从文中找到的选项不是正确选项，因为与原文一样的句子不叫推理。只有那些没有在文中直接出现，但根据文中的信息经过推断可以得出的才是符合题意的正确选项。　　　　二、解题方法　　1. 先看题干，带着问题读文章。　　即先看试题，再读文章。阅读题干，首先要掌握问题的类型，分清是客观信息题还是主观判断题。客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调，作者未加陈述的观点以及贯穿全文的中心主旨的理解等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率，节省了宝贵的时间。特别适用于对图形表格类题材的理解。　　2. 速读全文，了解大意知主题。　　阅读的目的是获取信息。一个人的阅读能力的高低决定了他能否快速高效吸收有用信息。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力。没有一定的阅读速度就不能顺利地输入信息，更谈不上运用英语。近几年的高考阅读速度大约是每分钟40个词左右。考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。　　抓主题句这是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。主题句一般出现在文章的开头和结尾。用归纳法撰写的文章，都是表述细节的句子在前，概述性的句子居后。此时主题句就是文章的最后一句。通常用演绎法撰写的文章，大都遵循从一般到个别的写作程序，即从概述开始，随之辅以细说。这时，主题句就是文章的第一句。当然也有些文章没有主题句，需要读者自己去归纳。主题句往往对全文起提示、启迪、概括、归纳之作用，主旨大意题，归纳概括题，中心思想题往往直接可从主题句中找到答案。　　3。详读细节，理顺思路与文章脉络。　　文章绝不是互不相干的句子杂乱无章的堆砌。作者为文，有脉可循。如记叙文多以人物为中心，以时间或空间为线索，按事件的发生、发展、结局展开故事；论述体则包含论点、论据、结论三大要素，通过解释、举例来阐述观点。你可根据文章的特点，详读细节，以动词、时间、地点、事件、因果等为线索，找出关键词语，运用"画图列表法"，勾画出一幅完整清晰的文章主题和细节的认知图。　　4. 逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。　　更多精彩尽在《试题调研》第9辑《考前抢分必备》。在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。这就是通常所说的深层理解。深层理解主要包括归纳概括题(中心思想，加标题等)和推理判断题，是阅读理解中的难点。深层理解是一种创造性的思维活动。它必须忠实于原文；要以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，立足已知推断未知，不能凭空想象，随意揣测；它要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。只有吃透文章的字面意思，推理才有前提和基础。

高考英语阅读理解巩固试题

(一)

Do you have any strong opinion on co-educational or single-sex schools?

A supporter of co-educational schools would probably say that schools should be like the societies they belong to .In Hong Kong , men and women mix socially on a day-to-day basis .In many fields men are even likely to have female bosses .It is ,therefore, desirable that boys and girls grow up together ,go to school together ,and prepare themselves for a society that does not value sexual separation.

Some would go on to argue further that growing up with members of the opposite sex is important for personal development .Regular contact (接触)can remove the strange ideas about the opposite-sex and lead to more natural relationships .Single-sex conditions are seen as leading to more extreme opinions, and possibly even as encouraging homosexuality(同性恋),though there is no proof that this is the case.

Those who are against coeducation often also fix their attention on the sexual side .Some parents fear that close contact with members of the opposite sex is dangerous for teenagers .They want their children to be attentive to their studies .Such parents feel uncomfortable with modern ways and the free mixing of the sexes.

A stronger argument comes from research into school results .Girls grow up earlier than boys ,tend to be more orderly and are likely to be better at languages .In a mixed class ,boys who might do well in a single-sex class become discouraged and take on the rule of troublemaker .Certainly in the UK this situation has greatly alarmed (惊动)the government for it to be encouraging co-educational schools to have some single-sex classes .In the UK the best schools are all single-sex ,strongly suggesting that co-education is not the best answer .This may ,however ,not be as simple as it looks .It may simply be that the famous old schools that attract the best students happen to be single-sex ,rather than that being single-sex makes them better schools.

72.In the third paragraph ,by saying “though there is no proof that this is the case” ,the writer means that .

A.students in single-sex schools will certainly become homosexual

B.students in co-educational schools cannot have extreme opinions

C.students in co-educational schools are likely to be homosexual

D.single-sex school conditions may or may not have effects on the students.

73.All the following arguments can be found in the passage EXCEPT that .

A.co-education can produce a society-like situation

B.co-educational schools may lead to love affairs between boys and girls

C.co-education will help develop a better understanding about the opposite sex

D.co-education can make boys perform well in mixed classes

74.Alarmed by the situation ,the UK government encourages .

A.co-education

B.single-sex education

C.single-sex classes in co-educational schools

D.co-educational classes in single-sex schools

75.At the end of the passage the writer suggests that .

A.single-sex schools are the best schools in the UK

B.being single-sex does not necessarily make a school better

C.co-educational schools are better for both sexes in personal development

D.because boys cannot compete with girls in study ,they go to single-sex schools

答案 72.D 73.D 74.C 75.B

(二)

When a storm is coming, most people leave the area as quickly ad possible and head for safety. But there are a few people who will get into their cars and go straight for the center of the storm. These people are willing to risk(冒…危险)being killed by floods or 100-kilometer-an-hour winds for the excitement of watching the storm close up.

“Storm chasing(追逐)” is becoming an increasingly popular hobby(喜好), especially in the Midwest of the United States, where there are frepuent storms between March and July. A storm chaser begins the day by checking the Internet for the latest weather reports, and then drives up to 1,000 kilometers to where the storm will be and wits for it to develop.

Although anyone can do it , storm chasing is extremely dangerous. The power of a big storm can throw a cow into the air or destroy a whole house in seconds. Storm chasers are also often hurt in accidents caused by driving in a heavy rain. If you are a beginner, it is much safer to join a group for storm-chasing vacations during the storm season.

Even then, storm chasing is not all adventure and excitement . “Storm chasing is 95% driving,” says Daniel Lynch, who spends most of his summer storm-chasing. “Sometimes you can sit around for hours waiting for something to happen, and all you get is blue sky and a few light showers.”

However, for storm chasers, it is all worth it. “When you get close to a storm, it is the most exciting sight you will ever see in your life,” says Jasper Morley. “Every storm is an example of the power of nature, It is the greatest show on Earth.”

56. For storm chasing, the first thing storm chasers do is to .

A. head straight for the center of the storm

B. get into the car for safety

C. wait patiently for the storm to develop

D. collect information about a coming storm

57. Beginners of storm chasing are advised .

A. not to drive in a heavy rain

B. to do it in an organized way

C. not to get too close to a storm

D. to spend more time on it in summer

58. By saying “it is all worth it” in the last paragraph, the author means that .

A. storm chasing costs a lot of money

B. storm chasing is worth hours of waiting

C. efforts in storm chasing are well paid

D. a storm presents the greatest show on Earth

59. What can we learn from the text?

A. Sometimes storm chasers get nothing but disappointment

B. Many storm chasers get killed in the storms.

C. Storm chasing is becoming popular around the world/

D. Storm chasing is only fit for young people.

答案 56.D 57.B 58.C 59.A

青橄榄

2022年高考英语全国乙卷 - 阅读理解C

Can a small group of drones guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today's "eyes in the sky" technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
一小群无人机可以保证铁路的安全和可靠性，同时帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元吗？这就是应用当今“空中之眼”技术确保全世界数百万公里的铁路轨道和基础设施全天候安全的未来。

Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient across the board.
无人机已经被用来检查高压电线。它们可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线路和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面，如铁路轨道和变轨点的正确位置。越是定期检查，铁路的安全性、可靠性和准时性就越高。全面削减成本，提高运营效率。

That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews' efforts.
这可以节省大量维护成本，更好地保护铁路人员安全。据计算，仅欧洲铁路维护每年就要花费约200亿欧元，包括派遣维护人员（通常在夜间）检查和维修铁路基础设施。这是件危险的工作，无人机协助工作人员则可以避免。

By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don't need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
通过使用最新技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高价值的服务，在铁路或道岔出现任何安全问题之前检测出故障。为了执行这些任务，铁路无人机不需要在头顶飞行。工程师们现在正在研究一个新概念：未来的轨道无人机。它们将在列车前方的轨道上移动，编制好程序自动运行。配备先进传感器和人工智能的微型无人机可以像副驾驶一样引导列车前行。凭借它们的前瞻能力，它们可以发出任何问题的信号，以便快速行驶的列车能够及时做出反应。

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